Path of Exile Item Upgrading
Upgrades to items allow players to improve their weapons and gear by adding new affixes that boost its base stats or providing additional benefits. To upgrade an item, the player has to have it in their inventory and have access to the kiln.
Typically objects that have weak bases (like rings) can be upgraded to a more powerful base, whereas items with strong bases like Eth titans don't change significantly in their stats after being upgraded.
Upgrade components
Upgrade components are items that can be used to upgrade trinkets, armor, weapons and gathering tools, providing an attribute bonus or extra effect while the equipment is in use. They can be bought from vendors, gathered in loot, thrown away by enemies, or obtained as rewards from missions or chests. Some upgrades can have additional cosmetic effects. Most upgrades require the equipment to be above a certain point before they can be upgraded.
To upgrade an item of armor, the user must select it and then click on the Upgrade button on the toolbar. This will display on the right-hand side of the screen a preview of the expected upgrade stats and the necessary component or materials.
There are three types that are universal upgrades (which include gems), prefix upgrades, and suffix upgrade components. Universal upgrades, which comprise gems, are able to be used in any kind of equipment and provide smaller bonuses than upgrade components that are type-restricted. Infusions are gems that are only available in equipment that is legendary or ascended. They offer the same benefits as jewels, however they cannot be used in any other equipment. Suffix upgrades, which can be placed in gathering tools, add their name to the end of the name of the item they are attached to, for example adding a Glyph to a Staff Wrapping of Minor Vigor will make it a Canthan Staff Wrapping of Minor Vigor.
If the player upgrades their gathering tool, and replaces glyphs with another glyph the previous one will be returned to their inventory. However replacing any other upgrade component will damage it, with the exception of the inscriptions that can be swapped.
Leveling
The upgrade system in Path of Exile has some significant differences from previous versions. Gear is now broken down into tracks and items can only be upgraded a specific number of times before they are "leveled out." The upgrade cost increases with each level however, the materials needed do not increase as much. This allows players to concentrate their efforts on a few essential items and maximize their impact instead of spreading the upgrade costs across several items.
If an item is leveled out and is leveled out, it will be able to receive an upgrade set of components, as well as an increase in the likelihood that the upgrade will succeed. This bonus is known as the Artisan's Energy. It resets at 0 if the upgrade fails or increases when the upgrade succeeds.
Once a piece is upgraded to its maximum level, it is able to get affixes to boost its attributes. upgrade item of affixes available will depend on the item's class. For example an uncommon or unique weapon with a base that is standard will only have two affixes, whereas a legend armor will have eight affixes.

Each upgrade will require a certain number of Flightstones and crests, depending on the item's current level and the item slot it's in. Weapons usually require more Flightstones than other equipment.
If an item fails to reach its maximum level, the NPC gives players the option to transfer it to another character and re-infuse the item with a new set or upgrades. This process takes up to two hours and costs the same amount of materials, though it will have a lower chance of success.
To determine the height of a building engineers utilize an instrument to compare the measurement with a known reference point like a benchmark or the ground's elevation. This is referred to as a "level-loop." It involves taking readings with the backsight rod and level, then turning the level to make the foresight rod reading. This method ensures that structures are built to an extremely high level of accuracy and safety.
Rerolling
Rerolling is the process of changing an item's upgrade components. It is a very important part of the game, and it can improve the damage, strength or other characteristics. It is possible to do this through the menu for items or by pressing the Reroll button every time you upgrade an item. Rerolling is costly and should only be used in rare cases.
Reroll tokens are earned by recycling upgraded items. These tokens can be used to upgrade either the original item or a comparable item. Recyclable items come with a level gauge that shows how much of the upgrade gauge has been filled. The amount of level that has been filled is contingent on the rarity and upgrade cost of the item.
Prior to this, some upgrades were given priority affixes which made them more accessible for players to roll. This meant that you'd receive the most crucial stats to your build more often than others. This included stats such as the armor's total armour, thorns and diminished duration due to control or the weapons' bonus attack speed and crit strike chance.
This was changed in the latest patch. Priority affixes have been removed and all upgrades will have the same chances of rolling for all stats. This can be a great or a negative thing dependent on your needs and requirements from your equipment.
Each upgraded item may also have a unique fixed-value, fixed-value benefit that increases its strength by a certain percentage. These bonuses are added over the usual affixes. The more you improve an item, the higher your chance of getting an exclusive bonus.
The game also includes several sets, which grant a set bonus when three or more upgraded items from the same set are installed on a unit. This is a great way to add a lot of power to a particular character without spending an excessive amount of money.
Many players reroll their weapons and gear particularly in the beginning stages. This is because rerolling could provide a much faster path to a powerful character and allows them to climb higher levels and advance in the game more quickly.
Sets
Sets are groups of elements that can be put together in different ways. They can be of different sizes, contain no elements, or only contain a single element. They can be used for organizing data or separating information. They can also be useful in analysing patterns. Sets can be categorized in a variety of ways, including by size and shape.
The Legend of Zelda Tears of the Kingdom provides an array of upgradeable set items. Some items are worth upgrading and others aren't. Upgrades are worth it for armor sets that provide high defense value and set bonuses. Weapon upgrades aren't as effective in boosting stats as their purple counterparts. This makes them less appealing to upgrade if you already have lots of armor or weapons already.
Certain set items are upgraded for their own unique functions which can be useful in some builds. This is evident in Aldur's Advance Boots and Guillaume's Face. Both were upgraded to Extraordinary Winged Helms and Exceptional Mirrored Boots, respectively. This increased their defense from 217 to 321. ( upgrade item and Level requirements also increased).
Another reason for upgrading certain items is to bring them up to parity with their tiers. For example the Immortal King set has a vast range of levels, ranging from 29 to 76. Upgrades to lower-level items can increase their defense and make them more competitive when it comes to damage.
Clicking the Upgrade button will display the item's attributes and the necessary items needed to upgrade it. The item's attributes will be displayed as well as any necessary items. For instance the No-mouth face will require 1.1K Scrap Materials as well as 250 Enchanted Dust and 5 Glowing Shards to upgrade. Alternatively, players can go to the Leaderboard or Golden vendor in Cyrodiil to see the upgrade requirements for specific items.
In general, armor and weapons have a higher trade value when they are updated. Especially for weapons that have spell/weapon damage glyphs, upgrading them to gold is recommended since it will result in a significant increase in their power. The armor that has a new appearance will benefit from this upgrade, since its defense value will increase as it goes from purple to gold.